None.
Every automated arbitrage trading software is also a high frequency trading software because it is fast in execution and in moving bid and ask orders in the book. Usually it is firmly believed that just institutional traders can profitably trade in high frequency since they can afford expensive proximity servers and high band direct market access.
This is true but there is another aspect that is mostly overlooked: the software programming code must be optimized. If you do not know how to optimize a programming code you will lose 50% of the edge you have with a proximity server and a direct market access.
It is why “little guys” like us could profitably compete with institutional during the glorious period 2008-2013 on the Italian bond market. We knew how to do perfectly our job: in contrast “big guys” had the tech power and the money but not the knowledge.
We created a website devoted to high frequency trading on